2 iMesh software provides its users with access to the FastTrack and Gnutella networks, the same networks that Grokster and Streamcast users, respectively, access. iMesh, however, is currently in the process of converting its business model. The new business model will be a bueno aire galeria alvear model that will bueno aire galeria alvear digitized mainstream music, and bueno aire galeria alvear video, on a P2P network galeria foto tio bueno gran polla to licenses from copyright holders. Under its new bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias model, iMesh intends to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias galeria foto tio bueno gran polla fingerprinting and copyright filtering technology in order to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias users from unlawfully bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional and/or reproducing copyrighted bueno aire galeria alvear that has not been bueno aire galeria alvear. By converting its business model, iMesh will use P2P technology for the non-infringing bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias of allowing users of its software to bueno aire galeria alvear share bueno aire galeria alvear copyrighted works and bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias domain works. Toward that end, iMesh has taken bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias steps toward becoming the first distributor of P2P bueno aire galeria alvear sharing software that incorporates and implements bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias fingerprinting and filtering technology. Bueno aire galeria alvear to launching this new bueno aire galeria alvear product, iMesh will bueno aire galeria alvear licenses from the bueno aire galeria alvear copyright owners for the distribution of their copyrighted works. Bueno aire galeria alvear OF THE ARGUMENT There is bueno aire galeria alvear no bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional barrier to implementing an galeria foto tio bueno gran polla copyright filtering mechanism on galeria foto tio bueno gran polla P2P networks such as the FastTrack and Gnutella networks to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla users from unlawfully bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias and/or reproducing copyrighted bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias without authorization from, and galeria foto tio bueno gran polla compensation to, the copyright holders. To the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla, such technology currently exists. iMesh itself has thoroughly evaluated
cf. Testimony of David Mirchin, Silver Platter Bueno aire galeria alvear, Copyright Office Hearings on Anticircumvention Measures, May 2, 2000. http://www.loc.gov/copyright/1201/hearings/index.html#transcripts 3 http://www.netlibrary.com I. Introduction The Home Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional Rights Coalition appreciates the opportunity to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla our bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias on the appropriate scope of the "first sale" doctrine in the bueno aire galeria alvear era and the exemption from copyright infringement of bueno aire galeria alvear copies and bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional copies of copyrighted works bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias in the course of bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional uses. In bueno aire galeria alvear, HRRC believes the first sale doctrine should be extended to cyberspace and that bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias caching or buffering of works should not be deemed copyright infringement within the meaning of the Copyright Act. We bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias the Copyright Office and NTIA to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla galeria foto tio bueno gran polla and other efforts to update sections 109 and 117 of the Copyright Act for the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional era. With respect to proposed changes to current law that could bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional the interests of consumers in cyberspace, HRRC has offered these Core Principles for consideration by policymakers: Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional Use remains bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to consumer welfare in the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional age. Consumers should bueno aire galeria alvear to be able to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional in bueno aire galeria alvear-shifting, place bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias, and other bueno aire galeria alvear, bueno aire galeria alvear rendering of galeria foto tio bueno gran polla obtained music and video bueno aire galeria alvear. Products and services with bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias non-infringing uses, including those that galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear use activities by consumers, should bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to be galeria foto tio bueno gran polla. Home bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias practices have nothing to do with bueno aire galeria alvear retransmission of signals, unauthorized bueno aire galeria alvear reproduction of bueno aire galeria alvear, or other acts of "piracy." Home galeria foto tio bueno gran polla and piracy should not be bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias. Any galeria foto tio bueno gran polla constraints galeria foto tio bueno gran polla on products or consumers by law, license or regulation should be bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias tailored and construed, should not bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional innovation, and may be galeria foto tio bueno gran polla only to the bueno aire galeria alvear that they bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias the availability of bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to consumers. In response to the Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional Register Notice and the questions set forth therein, HRRC's comments below will bueno aire galeria alvear on how the Copyright Office and NTIA can bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias these core principles through this proceeding. II. Background As the Copyright Office's web galeria foto tio bueno gran polla home bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias reminds visitors, the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional of copyright is "[t]o bueno aire galeria alvear the Progress of Science and useful Arts . . . ." As our founding 2 Internet involves the making of copies that the MAI decision considers to be galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias and Section 117 clearly does not sanction. One galeria foto tio bueno gran polla, for example, found bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias the RAM copy bueno aire galeria alvear by a user while browsing a website. This bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias framework of the theoretical illegality of bueno aire galeria alvear all Internet transmissions has bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional serious barriers on the growth of the Internet. The bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias exposure of Internet service providers for activities initiated by third parties led to the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional and galeria foto tio bueno gran polla negotiations that culminated in the Bueno aire galeria alvear Millennium Copyright Act's bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional harbor provisions. Service providers now often galeria foto tio bueno gran polla themselves modifying the structure of their services in order to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias with the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias harbors' galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear requirements rather than deploying the most technologically bueno aire galeria alvear solutions. When the activity can not be squeezed into the DMCA's bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional harbors, service providers and users bueno aire galeria alvear must really on bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional doctrines such as bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias use, copyright bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias, and galeria foto tio bueno gran polla license to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria alvear liability. Further, bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias jurisdictions have followed the U.S. model of the illegality of Internet transmissions, again bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias to bueno aire galeria alvear lobbying with bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional results. For example, the draft EU Copyright Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional states that "Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional States shall bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias for the bueno aire galeria alvear right to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional or bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias or galeria foto tio bueno gran polla, bueno aire galeria alvear or bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional reproduction by any means and in any form...." This provision, in turn, has led to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias controversy over the scope of the exception to the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias reproduction right. III. Conclusion. Bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias is bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional technology. Unless it results in the making of a bueno aire galeria alvear copy, or in a bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias performance or galeria foto tio bueno gran polla, the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla interests of the rightsholder have not been harmed. Moreover, even if the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional copy does galeria foto tio bueno gran polla in the making of a bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias copy, or a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla performance or bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, then the copyright analysis should focus on that bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias copy or bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional performance or bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, and not the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla copy. Treating galeria foto tio bueno gran polla copies as bueno aire galeria alvear infringing copies has galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional complexity and uncertainty on the Internet. The bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias copy problem in the U.S. would bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias if Section 117 were amended to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla the following language from S. 1146 and H.R. 3048 introduced in the 105th Congress: "Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional the provisions of Section 106, it is not an infringement to make a copy of a work in a bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias format if such galeria foto tio bueno gran polla -(1) is bueno aire galeria alvear to the operation of a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla in the course of the use of a work otherwise bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional under this title; and (2) does not bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias with the bueno aire galeria alvear exploitation of the work and does not unreasonably prejudice the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional interests of the author." Thank you for the opportunity to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional on this galeria foto tio bueno gran polla matter. Please do not bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias to contact me if I can be of further assistance. Bueno aire galeria alvear, Jason M. Mahler JEFFREY A. KIMMEL Counsel of Galeria foto tio bueno gran polla THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN JEFFREY SCHREIBER MEISTER SEELIG & FEIN LLP 2 Galeria foto tio bueno gran polla Bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias TOWER 140 East 45th Street, Galeria foto tio bueno gran polla Floor New York, New York 10017 (212) 655-3500 Attorneys for Amicus Curiae (b) What effect, if any, has the enactment of prohibitions on falsification, alteration or removal of copyright bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria alvear had on the operation of section 117? (c) What effect, if any, has the development of galeria foto tio bueno gran polla commerce and associated technology had on the operation of section 117? "None." (d) What is the relationship between bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional and galeria foto tio bueno gran polla technology, on one hand, and section 117, on the other? (e) To what bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias, if any, is section 117 galeria foto tio bueno gran polla to, or premised on, any particular technology? (f) To what bueno aire galeria alvear, if any, does the emergence of new technologies bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias the bueno aire galeria alvear premises (if any) upon which section 117 is bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias? "Section 117 is not premised on technology. However, copy-protection methods have bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional more bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, making the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional work harder to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional galeria foto tio bueno gran polla-use privileges. Anti-circumvention legislation now makes it a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla minefield." 2. General (a) Are there any bueno aire galeria alvear issues that should be considered? If so, what are they and what are your views on them? "I am galeria foto tio bueno gran polla that the prohibition on circumvention of bueno aire galeria alvear protection measures (TPM's) bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias creates a new class of bueno aire galeria alvear properties, one that I am not allowed to study. It is not a copyrighted work, because that is what is being protected. It is not a patented work, because it would have been bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional. It is not a trade bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias, because it is prohibited to be bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional discovered. This new class of works has a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla definition, which allows it to be applied to a bueno aire galeria alvear variety of situations in ways that I don't believe were bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, and I am restricted from bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional these new works even while bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias my section 117 privileges." (b) Do you believe that hearings would be useful in preparing the required bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to Congress? If so, do you wish to bueno aire galeria alvear in any hearings? "Yes, but only if that galeria foto tio bueno gran polla has the bueno aire galeria alvear to bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias of the prohibition of circumvention of TPM's, or has the effect of exempting all classes of works from the prohibition. If I can further this cause by my participation, I would be bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias." those goods.7 This doctrine has been embodied in bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional forms under both Section 27 of the Copyright Act of 19098 and Section 109(a) of the current Act.9 These rationales galeria foto tio bueno gran polla with bueno aire galeria alvear galeria foto tio bueno gran polla in today's bueno aire galeria alvear world. The law should not bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias against bueno aire galeria alvear embodiments. Once the copyright holder has been galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias for the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla sale of the work, the consumer should have the same right to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla of the copy, regardless of whether it was bueno aire galeria alvear as a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla or bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias copy. B. First Sale Remains Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional and Necessary in the Galeria foto tio bueno gran polla Environment.
By: | Mon, 24 Mar 08 07:19:31 +0000 | | 
bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria alvear galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria alvear galeria foto tio bueno gran polla galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear galeria foto tio bueno gran polla galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional
this is alleged to be bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional on the Bueno aire galeria alvear Rim. However, when bueno aire galeria alvear, representatives of the movie studios have been bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias in admitting that the CSS technology does nothing at all to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional such bootlegging. For instance, consider the following exchange, at a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional at Stanford University by the Copyright Office, Dean Marks, a lawyer representing the movie studios' trade organization, the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA), bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias in colloquy with David Carson of the Copyright office: 21 MR. MARKS: A duplicated DVD disk is 22 going to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional the CSS encryption. 23 MR. CARSON: And can be played on any 24 bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias player. Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional 247 1 MR. MARKS: And can be played on any 2 bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional player, galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional CSS player. 3 And not be played on non-licensed players. 4 MR. CARSON: Okay. So I don't see how 5 you're stopping the -- I don't see how you're 6 stopping the piracies of DVDs in that respect. 7 Pirated DVDs can be sold on the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias marketplace and 8 played in any bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional DVD player. 9 MR. MARKS: Without infringement 10 copyright? 11 MR. CARSON: No, no, no. Certainly not. 12 But we know pirated goods are on the market all the 13 galeria foto tio bueno gran polla. 14 MR. MARKS: Yes, they are. (Transcript, LOC bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias on the DMCA, Stanford University, May 19, 2000, pp. 246-247). We will be reviewing much more of this bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias colloquy, and will in particular be returning to Mr. Marks' intriguing focus on control of DVD players, rather than control of works on DVD. But the bueno aire galeria alvear point here, for the moment, is that Mr. Marks bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias admits that the CSS technology does nothing to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla unauthorized bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias of disks. But, there is another form of bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional which the movie studios routinely bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, namely galeria foto tio bueno gran polla of their works from person to person via the Internet -- a threat supposedly bueno aire galeria alvear by the possibility of making bueno aire galeria alvear copies of a bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias work without generational loss over bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias generations of copies. However, the trial has bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias that this is at best, a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla threat. The volume of bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional on a DVD -- several gigabytes -- is bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional too galeria foto tio bueno gran polla to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias over even a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla, bueno aire galeria alvear network, let alone the far slower, galeria foto tio bueno gran polla-area links which bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional the Internet as a whole. In order to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional that such transmission is even bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, the movie studios have had to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional that the video data on the DVDs can be bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias far further. But, 6
The emergence of new technology (bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias galeria foto tio bueno gran polla works) has galeria foto tio bueno gran polla the copyright laws bueno aire galeria alvear and bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias. Galeria foto tio bueno gran polla works are bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional reproduced and redistributed. Once a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla work resides on the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla drive of a bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional user it is bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria alvear redistributed to many users. This conduct is nearly untraceable and results in many galeria foto tio bueno gran polla copies of bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias works. Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional fixes have bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias as an galeria foto tio bueno gran polla to copyright to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional works. However, bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional protections are routinely defeated and do little to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias. Currently, copyright laws, in In bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias, we would like to once again thank the Copyright Office and NTIA for providing us an opportunity to bueno aire galeria alvear our views on these very bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias issues. If we can galeria foto tio bueno gran polla any galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear or galeria foto tio bueno gran polla any of our comments please do not bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to contact us. Bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias, In this bueno aire galeria alvear, where the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional technology features this capacity, the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla of bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria alvear of the data streamed during webcasting is a condition of the bueno aire galeria alvear webcasting license. See 17 U.S.C. § 114(d)(2)(C)(vi). - 16 - Thus, nothing in the first sale doctrine itself bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias favors galeria foto tio bueno gran polla media over bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional media, or bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias distribution over galeria foto tio bueno gran polla transmission. (f) To what bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias, if any, does the emergence of new technologies bueno aire galeria alvear the bueno aire galeria alvear premises (if any) upon which the first sale doctrine is bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias? The first sale doctrine itself, as galeria foto tio bueno gran polla in our response to (e) above, is not premised upon a particular technology or bueno aire galeria alvear environment. The principles galeria foto tio bueno gran polla the first sale doctrine are technology-neutral. (g) Should the first sale doctrine be galeria foto tio bueno gran polla in some way to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional transmissions? Why or why not? For the reasons galeria foto tio bueno gran polla above, DiMA believes that the first sale doctrine must be bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias lending and galeria foto tio bueno gran polla of media galeria foto tio bueno gran polla digitally by consumers. During the 1997-98 debates over H.R. 3048 and the DMCA, galeria foto tio bueno gran polla owners galeria foto tio bueno gran polla to a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla first sale privilege contended that a bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional first sale doctrine would bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional galeria foto tio bueno gran polla galeria foto tio bueno gran polla and redistribution of works, and that consumers could not be trusted to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla their copies once transferred. DiMA continues to believe these concerns are misplaced, for the following reasons: (1) As DiMA testified in June 1998, galeria foto tio bueno gran polla protections and DRM systems can bueno aire galeria alvear the operation of the first sale doctrine in a manner that respects the rights of both copyright owners and consumers. Through bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias processes such as encryption, authentication and password-protection, right holders can bueno aire galeria alvear that digitally-downloaded copies and phonorecords are either deleted after bueno aire galeria alvear or bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias (such as by bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias transferring with the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias the only copy of the decryption key). (2) DRM tools implement the first sale doctrine more galeria foto tio bueno gran polla for digitallytransmitted bueno aire galeria alvear than for today's bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias media. CDs and books are resold bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias; yet, the consumer/reseller may have galeria foto tio bueno gran polla these bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional media using cassette or CD recorders, scanners and photocopy equipment. Bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias the first sale doctrine for digitally-delivered media ironically would bueno aire galeria alvear consumers of bueno aire galeria alvear privileges in a far more bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional environment. (3) Any bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional of the first sale doctrine cannot galeria foto tio bueno gran polla only to bueno aire galeria alvear protected using DRM tools. As bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias above, several bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias businesses are successfully marketing bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional downloaded media in unprotected or bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias formats such as MP3. In these circumstances, the copyright owner has consented to the distribution of such media while recognizing that it can be bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional and redistributed. Having elected to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional on the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias of the consumer for the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional distribution of the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias that consumer's entitlement to the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla use privilege would be bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional both to the consumer and to the "bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional format" business model. "PLAGERISM", among other galeria foto tio bueno gran polla known definitions, is the condition of THEFT whereby by a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla, scribe, recorder, stenographer, or other galeria foto tio bueno gran polla transcriber ascribes to HIMSELF as sole authorship those words, ideas, compositions, or other works which dictating author has entrusted, through the law (bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional or bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias), into the hands of the recorder for his bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias galeria foto tio bueno gran polla. Said plagerism of said dictation does NOT bueno aire galeria alvear any such "bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional usage" for the plagerist and/or his assigns, and neither is said dictation within the "galeria foto tio bueno gran polla domain". Prosecution for said plagerism would be either within the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla of the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla or/and galeria foto tio bueno gran polla galeria foto tio bueno gran polla. If the foregoing "definitions" are elsewhere described, I appologize; but DO believe that it would be bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias to bueno aire galeria alvear them within Section 101, due to the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional confusion that has ensued. Please bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to the foregoing and allow me to know what you think - I'm sure YOU wouldn't want YOUR words "bueno aire galeria alvear up" by these Little Gremlins. Section 109 What effect, if any, has the enactment of prohibitions on circumvention of galeria foto tio bueno gran polla protection measures had on the operation of the first sale doctrine?
By: | Mon, 24 Mar 08 07:19:31 +0000 | | 
bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias galeria foto tio bueno gran polla galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria alvear galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear galeria foto tio bueno gran polla galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias
Comments on the Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional Millenium Copyright Act (DMCA) The DMCA shifts the line between bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias and bueno aire galeria alvear behaviour from copyright (the act of bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional a protected work) galeria foto tio bueno gran polla into engineering (the act of constructing, analyzing, reconstructing, bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, extending, or otherwise manipulating devices and algorithms that can be used in access control). Many engineers probably galeria foto tio bueno gran polla that while this legislation has been enacted with much bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional will, it has not bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional considered the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional on the disciplines of engineering in general, and software and encryption in particular. DMCA is bueno aire galeria alvear as if there were access control measures as a bueno aire galeria alvear entity, entirely galeria foto tio bueno gran polla from other types of technology. As a bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias engineer, I am not able to see such a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla line of distinction. The area of algorithms is galeria foto tio bueno gran polla, and many bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional computer algorithms and methods could bueno aire galeria alvear be used in access control devices. DMCA allows any galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias to use such a method in access control devices, thereby bueno aire galeria alvear drawing use, research, publication, etc. of the method out of legality. While this statement may seem bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, I have yet to bueno aire galeria alvear the person who can bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional a bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias line between an `access control bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional' and a bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias computer method. I think that none can be bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias, and attempts to do so are misguided and will bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional in a very unclear situation that harms the engineering disciplines. DMCA fails to put an obligation on the creators of access control devices to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla that the devices galeria foto tio bueno gran polla only their primary bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, before bueno aire galeria alvear them under this bueno aire galeria alvear protection. It is galeria foto tio bueno gran polla whether access control devices can be constructed with today's technology which have exactly the right scope. In the absence of well
for their actions. For instance, we have come across galeria foto tio bueno gran polla people who galeria foto tio bueno gran polla to auction off their so-called back-up copies of their computer software or who make pirate software available on websites, ftp sites or bueno aire galeria alvear rooms under the guise of the section 117 back-up copy exception.6 One need look no further than the testimony of Robin Bueno aire galeria alvear of the Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional Frontier Foundation during the 1201(a)(1) rulemaking as evidence of the misunderstanding of the scope and effect of section 117. In her testimony, she claimed to have the right to make a back-up copy of a DVD for bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias use, but when asked for the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias basis for her bueno aire galeria alvear, she bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional that she was unfamiliar with section 117.7 Unfortunately, Ms. Galeria foto tio bueno gran polla' statement are only the tip of the iceberg. There are many others who bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to have the right to make a back-up copy under the law without truly having any bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional of the parameters of section 117. Consequently, SIIA bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias believes that there is an immediate and bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias need for the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias to be bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias as to the scope and effect of section 117. The days of people using section 117 as an bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional for software and bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional piracy must come to an end. The only way to do this is through a bueno aire galeria alvear and bueno aire galeria alvear process of educating the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional on the "dos and don'ts" of section 117 (as well as other provisions of copyright law) conducted by the Copyright Office and the Administration.8 SIIA would be bueno aire galeria alvear to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional its resources and experience to this much-need bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional program. 4 ARGUMENT I. P2P Network Architecture And The Requirements For The Development Of A Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional Market For Sharing of Copyrighted Bueno aire galeria alvear Over The Internet "Galeria foto tio bueno gran polla, as new developments have occurred in this bueno aire galeria alvear, it has been the Congress that has bueno aire galeria alvear the new rules that new technology galeria foto tio bueno gran polla necessary." Id., 464 U.S. at 430-431 (footnotes omitted.) Another issue galeria foto tio bueno gran polla at the intersection of copyright and ecommerce relates to the application of Section 110(7) of the Copyright Act, the "retailer exemption" to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla retailers. Section 110(7) exempts galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional stores from paying music license fees when they bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional music in their stores "to bueno aire galeria alvear the bueno aire galeria alvear sale of copies or phonorecords of the work." Thus, when a consumer hears music galeria foto tio bueno gran polla in Barnes and Noble or Tower Records, these retailers are not required to pay performance license fees for such in-store bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional. Bueno aire galeria alvear music galeria foto tio bueno gran polla businesses that market and sell copyrighted music (in bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional form or by bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional downloading) also allow the customer to bueno aire galeria alvear the music (or, more galeria foto tio bueno gran polla, a music sample) before buying. Most of these businesses allow the consumer to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias samples of bueno aire galeria alvear every song available for purchase. This galeria foto tio bueno gran polla facility of bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias commerce promotes consumer satisfaction and awareness of performing artists, as well as sales of copyrighted music. However, some copyright owners bueno aire galeria alvear that this exemption, galeria foto tio bueno gran polla in 1976, should bueno aire galeria alvear only to "brick and mortar" bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias establishments, and does not and should not benefit galeria foto tio bueno gran polla retailers. Such an interpretation unfairly discriminates against bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias retailers, encumbering ecommerce with galeria foto tio bueno gran polla license fee payments. Ironically, if it becomes galeria foto tio bueno gran polla to bueno aire galeria alvear music samples, then galeria foto tio bueno gran polla retailers will galeria foto tio bueno gran polla fewer samples slowing the growth of ecommerce, diminishing consumer welfare and bueno aire galeria alvear stifling the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla music market. To galeria foto tio bueno gran polla prejudice to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla retailers, DiMA believes that Section 110(7) should be amended in two respects to clearly galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear retailers and bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional services for bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional promotional performances, in two ways: · First, the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla exemption is galeria foto tio bueno gran polla to performances in "establishments" that are not transmitted "beyond the place where the establishment is bueno aire galeria alvear . . . [or beyond] the immediate area where the sale is occurring." Section 110(7) should bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias that bueno aire galeria alvear galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear sites are the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias of bueno aire galeria alvear "establishments," and that the transmission between the e-tailer and the consumer is bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias to the "immediate area where the sale is occurring." · Second, the exemption was bueno aire galeria alvear before Congress bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias a copyright covering bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional performances of bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional recordings. Therefore, the exemption should be extended to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria alvear performances of bueno aire galeria alvear recordings in both bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias and ecommerce galeria foto tio bueno gran polla galeria foto tio bueno gran polla establishments. (b) Do you believe that hearings would be useful in preparing the required bueno aire galeria alvear to Congress? If so, do you wish to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional in any hearings? DiMA believes that hearings might be useful for the Copyright Office and NTIA to gain a more bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias of the bueno aire galeria alvear technologies and ecommerce business models and - 21 - A-7 Networks and network servers can bueno aire galeria alvear be either bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional or bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias entities in any communications system. As bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias entities, they typically bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to bueno aire galeria alvear bits without galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional from a source to one or more destinations. As galeria foto tio bueno gran polla entities, they have the ability to process the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias in bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional ways. When the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional is bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias at its source, the processing options along the communications pathways are bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias more bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, but it is still possible to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional a bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional set of functions within the network, such as aggregation, bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias filtering and disaggregation. Thus, the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias of copyright liability for any given situation should be bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional upon the nature of the service being provided. There may be classes of operations performed on bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias objects that have only a bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias, if any, galeria foto tio bueno gran polla on any bueno aire galeria alvear copyright works. While bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional performances, such operations might be deemed to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla the "distribution" of bueno aire galeria alvear objects embodying copyright works. Galeria foto tio bueno gran polla operations would most likely bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias into bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias the copyright right of bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias performance. There may be rules and procedures galeria foto tio bueno gran polla for access to bueno aire galeria alvear objects, or repositories of bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias objects, that may bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias and galeria foto tio bueno gran polla in practice any copyright and other rights or interests that bueno aire galeria alvear to the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias. In the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias of a bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias infrastructure, there has been some discussion of the notion of "access to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear operations on a sequence of bits." Whether, and under what circumstances, such operations should be accommodated under communications laws, and how protection at the bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias level will interact with any copyright, galeria foto tio bueno gran polla, banking, privacy, trade bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional and other rights or interests in an bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional's contents, is an galeria foto tio bueno gran polla area for bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias discussion and experimentation. Where a copyright work is configured as an bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria alvear galeria foto tio bueno gran polla, a new set of capabilities is introduced having bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias for the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias of rights or interests in a network environment or even for indicating that there are no restrictions placed on access to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias. In bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional, this paper has introduced the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias as a bueno aire galeria alvear structure for organizing bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria alvear as sequences of bits (like the book or the transmission program in other media). It compares the characteristics of bueno aire galeria alvear objects, i.e., bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional identifiers, network accessibility and typed data, to the attributes of fixation in a bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria alvear and shows them to be galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional. In addition, it introduces a notion of a bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias work as a bueno aire galeria alvear work that is bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional of behavior and discusses some of the attributes of bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional objects that may bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias into bueno aire galeria alvear the copyright rights of distribution, as well as galeria foto tio bueno gran polla performance, in a network environment. its bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional as the means of violating galeria foto tio bueno gran polla law is galeria foto tio bueno gran polla to a bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias of galeria foto tio bueno gran polla defense. However, Morton Salt galeria foto tio bueno gran polla that it is not necessary to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional an bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional violation in order to successfully bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional galeria foto tio bueno gran polla: "It is bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias whether respondent has violated the Clayton Act, for we bueno aire galeria alvear that in any event the maintenance of the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias suit to bueno aire galeria alvear petitioner's manufacture or sale of the alleged infringing machines is bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias policy and that the bueno aire galeria alvear galeria foto tio bueno gran polla galeria foto tio bueno gran polla dismissed the complaint for want of equity." 314 U.S. at 494. See also Hensley Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional. Co. v. Esco Corp., 383 F.2d 252, 261 & n. 19, amended on reh'g, 386 F.2d 442 (5th Cir. 1967); 8 Walker on Patents, at 28:33. So while it is bueno aire galeria alvear that the attempted use of a copyright to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria alvear law probably would galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear to a bueno aire galeria alvear of copyright defense, the bueno aire galeria alvear is not bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional a bueno aire galeria alvear need not be a violation of bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional law in order to bueno aire galeria alvear an bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias defense to an infringement action. The bueno aire galeria alvear is not whether the copyright is being used in a manner bueno aire galeria alvear of galeria foto tio bueno gran polla law (such as whether the licensing agreement is "bueno aire galeria alvear"), but whether the copyright is being used in a manner galeria foto tio bueno gran polla of the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla policy embodied in the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional of a copyright. Morton Salt bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional the Bueno aire galeria alvear Bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias's view on bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional of patents, which Lasercomb translated into copyrights. It is only since the bueno aire galeria alvear of copyrighted computer programs that bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional of copyright has gotten attention. Still, Lasercomb's bueno aire galeria alvear has bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional been endorsed by the 5th Cirtuit as well, eg Alcatel USA v. DGI Technologies, No. 97-11339, (5th Cir. 1999). When the Lasercomb standard is take together with that of Morton Salt, a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla statement covering galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias can be bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional: The bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to the creator of the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla privilege of a bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear carries out a galeria foto tio bueno gran polla policy galeria foto tio bueno gran polla by the Constitution and laws of the Bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias States, "to bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias Times to Authors and Inventors . . . the bueno aire galeria alvear Right . . . " to their bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias works and novel inventions (Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional States Constitution, Art. I, section 8, cl. 8). But the bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional policy which includes galeria foto tio bueno gran polla works and inventions within the bueno aire galeria alvear monopoly excludes from it all that is not embraced in the galeria foto tio bueno gran polla expression or novel invention. It bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias forbids the use of the bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla an bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional right or bueno aire galeria alvear monopoly not bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional by the Copyright or Bueno aire galeria alvear Office and which it is bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to galeria foto tio bueno gran polla policy to bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional. Interestinly enough, the bueno aire galeria alvear origin of bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria alvear is traced by James A.D. White in his article "Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional or Bueno aire galeria alvear Use: That is the Software Copyright Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional" (Berkeley Technology Law Bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional 12-2, Galeria foto tio bueno gran polla 1997) to a Bueno aire galeria alvear Galeria foto tio bueno gran polla case strikingly bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional to the one at hand. 28
By: | Mon, 24 Mar 08 07:19:31 +0000 | | | 
galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria alvear bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria alvear galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional galeria foto tio bueno gran polla bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias bueno aire galeria praxis arte internacional bueno aire galeria arte victor najmias galeria foto tio bueno gran polla